English Unit 1
Memory sheet
Everything on one page. In cover mode the answers are hidden: say each one out loud, then tap to check. Testing yourself beats rereading — by a lot.
The 10 memory hooks
Too big · Too small · Just right
Read · Find · Check · Explain
Claim it once, prove it twice, explain it twice
Can Cats Sing Pop Duets?
Purpose is PIE · Audience is WHO
Topic = a few words · Main idea = a whole message
eXplicit = eXactly said · iMplicit = iMplied
Relevant hits the point · Sufficient covers the claim
Tone is the writer's attitude — your feeling is the effect
May, not every
Structures & signal words
| Structure | How it organises ideas | Signal words |
|---|---|---|
| Cause & effect | ||
| Compare & contrast | ||
| Sequence / chronology | ||
| Problem & solution | ||
| Description / categorisation | ||
| Journalistic |
Key terms
- Main / central idea
- Relevant evidence
- Sufficient evidence
- Explicit / implicit
- Inference
- Tone
- Diction
- Connotation
- Cumulative effect
- Distractor
Frames to write from memory
C In this excerpt, the author's primary purpose is to [purpose] [audience] using a [structure] pattern.
E For example, the speaker directly addresses the audience when he states, "[quote]."
E Furthermore, the structural shift is clear when he notes, "[quote]."
R By using this structure, the author highlights the connection between…
R This leads the audience to realize that…
Together, "___" and "___" make ___ seem ___. This creates a ___ tone, encouraging ___ to ___.
Structure · one justification sentenceThe text structure is ___ because the signal word "___" shows that ___ led to ___.
In the test
- 1Bring a pencil (MCQ) and a pen (short response).
- 2Read the questions before the text, then read the text once, slowly, marking clues.
- 3Each MCQ: cross out too big and too small — pick the one that names the connection.
- 4If they ask for the structure: name it + quote the signal word + say what it connects.
- 5CER: write exactly 5 sentences — claim with P·A·S, 2 quotes, 2 effects.
- 6Tone: name the attitude, quote two words, say how they work together, link to purpose.
- 7Use may / suggests / encourages — never "every reader".
- 8Final check: answered? evidence? explained?